biology : class12 Industrial Waste Substrates : Definition, Sources, Nutritional Importance : Single Cell Protein MCQ Questions and Answers
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Industrial Waste Substrates
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. Which industrial waste can be used as a substrate for producing single-cell protein?
A.
Molasses
B.
Distilled water
C.
Table salt
D.
Sand
Correct Answer:
Molasses
Explanation:
Molasses is a sugar-rich industrial by-product that can support the growth of microorganisms used to produce single-cell protein.
2. Whey, a by-product of the dairy industry, can be used in single-cell protein production mainly because it contains:
A.
Lactose and other nutrients
B.
Only sodium chloride
C.
Pure cellulose
D.
No usable nutrients
Correct Answer:
Lactose and other nutrients
Explanation:
Dairy whey contains lactose and other nutrients that microorganisms can utilize as a substrate for producing single-cell protein.
3. Which waste material from sugar industries may serve as a substrate for microbial protein production?
A.
Molasses
B.
Glass pieces
C.
Iron filings
D.
Plastic sheets
Correct Answer:
Molasses
Explanation:
Molasses is a sugar-industry waste rich in fermentable sugars, making it suitable for microbial growth in single-cell protein production.
4. The use of industrial wastes as substrates for single-cell protein production helps to:
A.
Convert waste into useful biomass
B.
Increase the amount of untreated waste
C.
Remove all microorganisms from nature
D.
Produce only inorganic salts
Correct Answer:
Convert waste into useful biomass
Explanation:
Microorganisms grow on suitable industrial wastes and convert their organic nutrients into protein-rich microbial biomass.
5. Which industrial by-product is associated with dairy waste and may be used for producing single-cell protein?
A.
Whey
B.
Cement dust
C.
Coal ash
D.
Metal scrap
Correct Answer:
Whey
Explanation:
Whey is a liquid by-product of cheese and other dairy processing, and its nutrients can support microbial production of single-cell protein.
6. Sawdust and other cellulose-rich wastes can be used for single-cell protein production after they are:
A.
Processed to make their nutrients available
B.
Mixed only with sand
C.
Frozen permanently
D.
Changed into table salt
Correct Answer:
Processed to make their nutrients available
Explanation:
Cellulose-rich wastes such as sawdust often require processing so that microorganisms can access and use their carbon sources.
7. Why are sugar-rich industrial wastes suitable for growing microorganisms used in single-cell protein production?
A.
They provide an energy source
B.
They contain no carbon
C.
They prevent microbial growth
D.
They are made only of minerals
Correct Answer:
They provide an energy source
Explanation:
Sugars in industrial wastes provide carbon and energy needed for microbial growth and formation of protein-rich biomass.
8. Which of the following is an example of an agricultural or industrial waste that may be used as a substrate for single-cell protein?
A.
Straw
B.
Pure gold
C.
Glass wool
D.
Distilled water
Correct Answer:
Straw
Explanation:
Straw contains organic matter, especially cellulose, which can be processed and used by suitable microorganisms for producing single-cell protein.
9. Using industrial waste in single-cell protein production is environmentally useful because it can reduce:
A.
Waste accumulation
B.
The availability of nutrients
C.
The growth of useful microbes
D.
The conversion of waste into biomass
Correct Answer:
Waste accumulation
Explanation:
Microbial conversion of industrial waste into protein-rich biomass helps reduce the quantity of waste requiring disposal.
10. Which characteristic makes an industrial waste suitable as a substrate for single-cell protein production?
A.
Presence of usable organic nutrients
B.
Complete absence of carbon
C.
Inability to support microbial growth
D.
Presence of only inert materials
Correct Answer:
Presence of usable organic nutrients
Explanation:
Industrial wastes containing usable carbon and other nutrients can support microorganism growth and the formation of single-cell protein.
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