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Industrial Melanism
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. Industrial melanism refers to the increase in the frequency of dark-coloured forms of organisms in polluted environments. Which organism is commonly used as an example?
A.
Peppered moth
B.
Honeybee
C.
Earthworm
D.
Housefly
Correct Answer:
Peppered moth
Explanation:
The peppered moth is the classic example used to explain industrial melanism.
2. During the Industrial Revolution, tree trunks in polluted areas became darker mainly because of the accumulation of:
A.
Soot
B.
Sand
C.
Salt
D.
Snow
Correct Answer:
Soot
Explanation:
Industrial smoke deposited soot on tree trunks, making their surfaces darker.
3. Why did dark-coloured peppered moths have an advantage in heavily polluted areas?
A.
They were better camouflaged on soot-covered tree trunks
B.
They produced more flowers
C.
They needed less oxygen
D.
They could fly without wings
Correct Answer:
They were better camouflaged on soot-covered tree trunks
Explanation:
Dark moths blended with polluted tree trunks, making them less visible to birds.
4. Which organisms were important predators causing selection among peppered moths?
A.
Birds
B.
Frogs
C.
Fish
D.
Lizards
Correct Answer:
Birds
Explanation:
Birds preyed on moths that were more easily seen against tree trunks.
5. Before industrial pollution, which form of the peppered moth was generally better camouflaged on lichen-covered tree trunks?
A.
Light-coloured form
B.
Dark-coloured form
C.
Red-coloured form
D.
Blue-coloured form
Correct Answer:
Light-coloured form
Explanation:
Light-coloured moths blended with the pale lichen on unpolluted tree trunks.
6. Industrial melanism in peppered moths is an example of:
A.
Natural selection
B.
Artificial selection
C.
Photosynthesis
D.
Respiration
Correct Answer:
Natural selection
Explanation:
Environmental conditions caused better-camouflaged moths to survive and reproduce more successfully.
7. What happened to the frequency of dark peppered moths in polluted industrial regions?
A.
It increased
B.
It became zero immediately
C.
It remained unchanged everywhere
D.
It changed into a different species
Correct Answer:
It increased
Explanation:
Dark moths were better camouflaged on soot-darkened trunks, so their frequency increased.
8. When air pollution decreased and tree trunks became lighter, which moth form gained a survival advantage?
A.
Light-coloured form
B.
Dark-coloured form
C.
Colourless form
D.
Bright yellow form
Correct Answer:
Light-coloured form
Explanation:
Cleaner environments allowed lichens to return, making light-coloured moths better camouflaged.
9. The main factor responsible for the change in peppered moth populations during industrial melanism was:
A.
Predation based on camouflage
B.
Increase in rainfall
C.
Change in the moths' diet to fish
D.
Loss of wings in all moths
Correct Answer:
Predation based on camouflage
Explanation:
Birds more easily captured moths that contrasted with the tree trunks, leading to natural selection.
10. Industrial melanism demonstrates that the frequency of a trait in a population can change when:
A.
The environment changes
B.
All individuals become identical
C.
Predators disappear permanently
D.
Organisms stop reproducing
Correct Answer:
The environment changes
Explanation:
Pollution changed the colour of tree trunks and altered which moth forms were best camouflaged.
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