biology : class12 Citric Acid Production : Food Processing, Industrial Production, Sewage Treatment, Energy Production : Microbes in Human Welfare MCQ Questions and Answers
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Citric Acid Production
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. Which microorganism is commonly used for the industrial production of citric acid?
A.
Aspergillus niger
B.
Lactobacillus bulgaricus
C.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
D.
Rhizobium leguminosarum
Correct Answer:
Aspergillus niger
Explanation:
Aspergillus niger, a fungus, is widely used in industrial fermentation for producing citric acid.
2. Citric acid is produced commercially mainly through which process?
A.
Fermentation
B.
Photosynthesis
C.
Nitrogen fixation
D.
Transpiration
Correct Answer:
Fermentation
Explanation:
Industrial citric acid is produced by allowing Aspergillus niger to grow and carry out fermentation under suitable conditions.
3. Aspergillus niger belongs to which group of organisms?
A.
Fungi
B.
Bacteria
C.
Algae
D.
Protozoa
Correct Answer:
Fungi
Explanation:
Aspergillus niger is a filamentous fungus used in the industrial production of citric acid.
4. Which product is obtained from Aspergillus niger in industrial biotechnology?
A.
Citric acid
B.
Insulin
C.
Biogas
D.
Penicillin-resistant bacteria
Correct Answer:
Citric acid
Explanation:
Aspergillus niger is an important industrial microorganism used to produce citric acid.
5. The industrial production of citric acid uses Aspergillus niger as the:
A.
Production microorganism
B.
Chemical preservative
C.
Raw mineral
D.
Filtering material
Correct Answer:
Production microorganism
Explanation:
Aspergillus niger acts as the production microorganism that forms citric acid during fermentation.
6. Citric acid production by Aspergillus niger is an example of the use of microbes in:
A.
Industrial production
B.
Blood circulation
C.
Seed dispersal
D.
Water absorption by roots
Correct Answer:
Industrial production
Explanation:
The use of Aspergillus niger to manufacture citric acid is an example of microbial industrial production.
7. Which of the following is an organic acid produced industrially using Aspergillus niger?
A.
Citric acid
B.
Hydrochloric acid
C.
Sulfuric acid
D.
Nitric acid
Correct Answer:
Citric acid
Explanation:
Citric acid is an organic acid obtained on an industrial scale through fermentation by Aspergillus niger.
8. In citric acid production, Aspergillus niger is grown in a:
A.
Fermentation medium
B.
Blood vessel
C.
Plant root nodule
D.
Animal digestive tract
Correct Answer:
Fermentation medium
Explanation:
The fungus is cultivated in a suitable fermentation medium to produce citric acid.
9. Which microbial product is associated with Aspergillus niger?
A.
Citric acid
B.
Ethanol from yeast
C.
Methane from archaea
D.
Yoghurt from Lactobacillus
Correct Answer:
Citric acid
Explanation:
Among industrial microbial products, citric acid is specifically associated with Aspergillus niger.
10. The main purpose of cultivating Aspergillus niger in citric acid production is to obtain:
A.
A useful organic acid
B.
Oxygen gas
C.
A nitrogen-fixing culture
D.
A disease-causing toxin
Correct Answer:
A useful organic acid
Explanation:
The fungus is cultivated industrially to produce citric acid, a useful organic acid.
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