chemistry : class11 Polar Covalent Bonds : Polar character of covalent bond : Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure MCQ Questions and Answers
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Polar Covalent Bonds
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. What is a polar covalent bond?
A.
A bond formed by complete transfer of electrons
B.
A bond in which electrons are shared equally
C.
A bond in which electrons are shared unequally
D.
A bond formed without electrons
Correct Answer:
A bond in which electrons are shared unequally
Explanation:
A polar covalent bond forms when two atoms share electrons unequally because they have different electronegativities.
2. Which factor mainly causes polarity in a covalent bond?
A.
Difference in electronegativity of the bonded atoms
B.
Equal atomic masses of the atoms
C.
Same number of neutrons in the atoms
D.
Presence of metallic properties only
Correct Answer:
Difference in electronegativity of the bonded atoms
Explanation:
A difference in electronegativity causes one atom to attract the shared electron pair more strongly, producing a polar covalent bond.
3. In a polar covalent bond, the atom with higher electronegativity acquires which partial charge?
A.
Partial positive charge
B.
Partial negative charge
C.
Complete positive charge
D.
No charge under any condition
Correct Answer:
Partial negative charge
Explanation:
The more electronegative atom attracts the shared electrons closer to itself and therefore develops a partial negative charge, represented by δ−.
4. Which symbol represents a partial positive charge in a polar covalent bond?
A.
δ−
B.
δ+
C.
+2
D.
−2
Correct Answer:
δ+
Explanation:
The symbol δ+ indicates a partial positive charge caused by unequal sharing of electrons in a polar covalent bond.
5. Which of the following bonds is polar covalent?
A.
H–H
B.
Cl–Cl
C.
H–Cl
D.
N–N
Correct Answer:
H–Cl
Explanation:
Hydrogen and chlorine have different electronegativities, so the electrons in the H–Cl bond are shared unequally.
6. In the H–Cl bond, which atom carries the partial negative charge?
A.
Hydrogen, because it is smaller
B.
Hydrogen, because it shares electrons
C.
Chlorine, because it is more electronegative
D.
Both atoms carry equal partial negative charges
Correct Answer:
Chlorine, because it is more electronegative
Explanation:
Chlorine attracts the shared electron pair more strongly than hydrogen, so chlorine becomes partially negative.
7. Which bond has the greatest polar character among the following?
A.
H–H
B.
Cl–Cl
C.
H–F
D.
N–N
Correct Answer:
H–F
Explanation:
The H–F bond has a large electronegativity difference between hydrogen and fluorine, making it strongly polar covalent.
8. What happens to the shared electron pair in a polar covalent bond?
A.
It is completely transferred to one atom
B.
It is shared unequally between the atoms
C.
It disappears from the bond
D.
It remains equally distant from both atoms in every case
Correct Answer:
It is shared unequally between the atoms
Explanation:
Polar covalent bonding involves sharing of electrons, but the sharing is unequal because the bonded atoms attract electrons differently.
9. Which pair of atoms is most likely to form a polar covalent bond?
A.
Two identical chlorine atoms
B.
Two identical oxygen atoms
C.
Hydrogen and oxygen
D.
Two identical nitrogen atoms
Correct Answer:
Hydrogen and oxygen
Explanation:
Hydrogen and oxygen have different electronegativities, so their shared electrons are distributed unequally, forming a polar covalent bond.
10. A polar covalent bond contains:
A.
Only a full positive charge
B.
Only a full negative charge
C.
Partial positive and partial negative ends
D.
No difference in electron distribution
Correct Answer:
Partial positive and partial negative ends
Explanation:
Unequal sharing of electrons creates a partial negative end near the more electronegative atom and a partial positive end near the other atom.
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