chemistry : class11 Ionization energy : Properties of hydrogen : Hydrogen MCQ Questions and Answers
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Ionization energy
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. What is meant by the ionization energy of hydrogen?
A.
The energy required to remove one electron from an isolated gaseous hydrogen atom
B.
The energy released when hydrogen gains an electron
C.
The energy required to split a hydrogen molecule into atoms
D.
The energy released when hydrogen forms water
Correct Answer:
The energy required to remove one electron from an isolated gaseous hydrogen atom
Explanation:
Ionization energy is the minimum energy needed to remove the outermost electron from an isolated gaseous atom. For hydrogen, this removes its only electron.
2. Which process represents the first ionization of a hydrogen atom?
A.
H(g) → H⁺(g) + e⁻
B.
H(g) + e⁻ → H⁻(g)
C.
H₂(g) → 2H(g)
D.
H⁺(g) + e⁻ → H(g)
Correct Answer:
H(g) → H⁺(g) + e⁻
Explanation:
First ionization involves removing one electron from a gaseous hydrogen atom, producing a gaseous hydrogen ion and an electron.
3. What is the approximate first ionization energy of hydrogen?
A.
1312 kJ mol⁻¹
B.
496 kJ mol⁻¹
C.
738 kJ mol⁻¹
D.
2080 kJ mol⁻¹
Correct Answer:
1312 kJ mol⁻¹
Explanation:
The first ionization energy of hydrogen is approximately 1312 kJ mol⁻¹ because its electron is strongly attracted to the nucleus.
4. Why is the ionization energy of hydrogen relatively high?
A.
Its only electron is held close to the nucleus by strong attraction
B.
It contains many electron shells that repel the outer electron
C.
Its nucleus contains many neutrons that repel the electron
D.
Its electron is located in a large, distant shell
Correct Answer:
Its only electron is held close to the nucleus by strong attraction
Explanation:
Hydrogen has only one electron in its first shell, very close to the nucleus, so a considerable amount of energy is required to remove it.
5. The first ionization energy of hydrogen refers to the removal of:
A.
One electron from one gaseous hydrogen atom
B.
One proton from one hydrogen atom
C.
One neutron from one hydrogen atom
D.
One electron from a hydrogen molecule only
Correct Answer:
One electron from one gaseous hydrogen atom
Explanation:
First ionization energy specifically concerns the removal of the first electron from an isolated gaseous atom, not a proton, neutron, or necessarily a molecule.
6. What charge does a hydrogen atom acquire after losing its electron during ionization?
A.
+1
B.
-1
C.
0
D.
+2
Correct Answer:
+1
Explanation:
A neutral hydrogen atom has one proton and one electron. Losing its electron leaves one proton, giving the ion a charge of +1.
7. Which statement about the ionization energy of hydrogen is correct?
A.
It is the energy needed to convert gaseous hydrogen atoms into H⁺ ions and electrons
B.
It is the energy released when H⁺ gains an electron
C.
It is the energy needed to form a hydrogen molecule from hydrogen atoms
D.
It is the energy required to remove a neutron from the hydrogen nucleus
Correct Answer:
It is the energy needed to convert gaseous hydrogen atoms into H⁺ ions and electrons
Explanation:
Ionization energy measures the energy absorbed when gaseous hydrogen atoms lose their electrons to form H⁺ ions and free electrons.
8. Which particle is removed when hydrogen undergoes first ionization?
A.
Electron
B.
Proton
C.
Neutron
D.
Nucleus
Correct Answer:
Electron
Explanation:
Ionization is the removal of an electron from an atom. In hydrogen, the single electron is removed during first ionization.
9. The ionization energy of hydrogen is measured for hydrogen in which state?
A.
Isolated gaseous atoms
B.
Solid hydrogen molecules
C.
Liquid water molecules
D.
Aqueous hydrogen ions only
Correct Answer:
Isolated gaseous atoms
Explanation:
Ionization energy is defined for isolated gaseous atoms so that the energy required to remove an electron can be measured without effects from neighboring particles.
10. What happens to the energy of the hydrogen atom when its electron is removed?
A.
Energy is absorbed
B.
Energy is released
C.
Its energy remains unchanged
D.
Its energy becomes zero
Correct Answer:
Energy is absorbed
Explanation:
Removing the electron from hydrogen requires energy because the electron is attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This absorbed energy is the ionization energy.
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