physics : class11 Principle of Superposition : Gravitational Force : Gravitation MCQ Questions and Answers
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Principle of Superposition
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. According to the principle of superposition, the net gravitational force on a body due to several bodies is the:
A.
Arithmetic average of all individual forces
B.
Vector sum of all individual gravitational forces
C.
Product of all individual forces
D.
Force due to the nearest body only
Correct Answer:
Vector sum of all individual gravitational forces
Explanation:
The principle of superposition states that the net gravitational force is obtained by adding all individual gravitational forces vectorially.
2. If two bodies exert gravitational forces of 5 N and 3 N on a third body in the same direction, the net force is:
A.
2 N
B.
8 N
C.
15 N
D.
5 N
Correct Answer:
8 N
Explanation:
Forces acting in the same direction add according to superposition, so the net force is 5 N + 3 N = 8 N.
3. Two gravitational forces of 6 N and 4 N act on a body in opposite directions. If the 6 N force is to the right, the net force is:
A.
10 N to the right
B.
2 N to the left
C.
2 N to the right
D.
24 N to the right
Correct Answer:
2 N to the right
Explanation:
Oppositely directed forces are added vectorially. The net force is 6 N - 4 N = 2 N in the direction of the larger force.
4. At the midpoint between two identical masses, the gravitational forces due to the masses are:
A.
Equal and in the same direction
B.
Unequal and in opposite directions
C.
Equal and in opposite directions
D.
Both zero individually
Correct Answer:
Equal and in opposite directions
Explanation:
The midpoint is equally distant from identical masses, so the two gravitational forces have equal magnitudes but opposite directions. They cancel by superposition.
5. If a third mass is added to a system, the net gravitational force on a chosen mass is found by:
A.
Ignoring the force due to the third mass
B.
Adding the third mass to the first mass
C.
Adding the force due to the third mass vectorially to the existing net force
D.
Multiplying the original net force by three
Correct Answer:
Adding the force due to the third mass vectorially to the existing net force
Explanation:
Superposition requires the gravitational force from every other mass to be calculated and added as a vector.
6. A body experiences gravitational forces of 4 N east and 4 N west. What is the resultant gravitational force?
A.
8 N east
B.
4 N west
C.
4 N east
D.
0 N
Correct Answer:
0 N
Explanation:
The two equal gravitational forces act in opposite directions, so their vector sum is zero.
7. The gravitational force exerted on a test mass by several masses is calculated by considering:
A.
Only the total mass, without directions
B.
Each mass's force separately and then adding the forces as vectors
C.
Only the largest mass
D.
The average distance of all masses
Correct Answer:
Each mass's force separately and then adding the forces as vectors
Explanation:
The principle of superposition states that each source mass produces its own force, and the net force is their vector sum.
8. Three equal masses are placed symmetrically around a small mass. If their individual gravitational forces on the small mass cancel by vector addition, the net force is:
A.
Equal to the force from one mass
B.
Three times the force from one mass
C.
Zero
D.
Greater than all individual forces
Correct Answer:
Zero
Explanation:
Because the masses are symmetrically arranged, their equal gravitational force vectors cancel, giving a zero resultant force.
9. For gravitational forces acting at right angles, the net force is obtained by:
A.
Subtracting their magnitudes directly
B.
Adding their magnitudes directly
C.
Using vector addition
D.
Using only the horizontal force
Correct Answer:
Using vector addition
Explanation:
Forces at right angles have different directions, so superposition requires vector addition rather than ordinary scalar addition.
10. If the individual gravitational forces on a body are 3 N north and 4 N east, the magnitude of the net force is:
A.
1 N
B.
5 N
C.
7 N
D.
12 N
Correct Answer:
5 N
Explanation:
The forces are perpendicular, so their resultant magnitude is found by vector addition: square root of (3^2 + 4^2) = 5 N.
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