physics : class12 Electrostatic Induction in Insulators : Insulators : Electrostatics MCQ Questions and Answers
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Electrostatic Induction in Insulators
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. What happens when a charged rod is brought near an uncharged insulating object without touching it?
A.
The charges in the insulator become slightly displaced
B.
The insulator immediately becomes a conductor
C.
All charges leave the insulator
D.
No change occurs inside the insulator
Correct Answer:
The charges in the insulator become slightly displaced
Explanation:
In an insulator, charges are bound to atoms or molecules but can shift slightly under the influence of an external charged object. This produces electrostatic induction or polarization.
2. Electrostatic induction in an insulator is also commonly called:
A.
Ionization
B.
Polarization
C.
Neutralization
D.
Discharging
Correct Answer:
Polarization
Explanation:
When an external charge causes bound positive and negative charges in an insulator to separate slightly, the insulator becomes polarized.
3. In an electrically neutral insulating object polarized by a nearby positive charge, which side becomes slightly negative?
A.
The side farthest from the positive charge
B.
The side nearest the positive charge
C.
Both sides become equally negative
D.
The entire object becomes permanently negative
Correct Answer:
The side nearest the positive charge
Explanation:
The positive charge attracts the bound negative charges slightly toward it, so the near side of the insulator becomes slightly negative.
4. Why can an uncharged insulator be attracted to a charged object?
A.
The insulator always contains a net charge
B.
The charged object induces polarization in the insulator
C.
The insulator releases all its electrons
D.
The insulator becomes magnetized
Correct Answer:
The charged object induces polarization in the insulator
Explanation:
Polarization brings an induced opposite charge closer to the charged object than the like charge, producing a net attractive force.
5. In electrostatic induction in an insulator, the separated charges are generally:
A.
Free to move throughout the whole object
B.
Bound within atoms or molecules
C.
Removed from the object permanently
D.
Created from nothing
Correct Answer:
Bound within atoms or molecules
Explanation:
Insulators do not have freely moving charge carriers. Their bound charges shift only slightly within atoms or molecules when an external electric field is applied.
6. What is the net charge of an initially neutral insulator after it is polarized by a nearby charged body, if there is no contact?
A.
Positive
B.
Negative
C.
Zero
D.
Twice the charge of the nearby body
Correct Answer:
Zero
Explanation:
Polarization separates positive and negative bound charges within the insulator but does not add or remove charge, so its total charge remains zero.
7. What happens to the induced polarization in an insulator when the external charged body is removed?
A.
It usually disappears
B.
It becomes infinitely large
C.
It changes the insulator into a conductor
D.
It permanently doubles the number of charges
Correct Answer:
It usually disappears
Explanation:
Once the external electric field is removed, the bound charges generally return to their original positions, so the induced polarization vanishes.
8. A negatively charged rod is brought near an uncharged insulating sphere. Which charge is displaced slightly toward the rod?
A.
Positive bound charge
B.
Negative bound charge
C.
No charge at all
D.
Only free charge from outside the sphere
Correct Answer:
Positive bound charge
Explanation:
The negative rod repels bound negative charge and attracts bound positive charge, causing positive charge to shift slightly toward the rod.
9. Which statement correctly describes electrostatic induction in an insulator?
A.
It involves a slight separation of bound charges
B.
It requires the insulator to be touched by a charged body
C.
It permanently transfers electrons through the entire insulator
D.
It occurs only when the insulator has a net charge
Correct Answer:
It involves a slight separation of bound charges
Explanation:
Electrostatic induction in an insulator occurs when an external electric field slightly shifts bound positive and negative charges, even without contact.
10. If a charged object is brought near a small insulating piece of paper, the paper is attracted mainly because:
A.
The paper gains a permanent charge without contact
B.
The paper becomes polarized
C.
The paper loses all its atoms
D.
The paper produces a magnetic field
Correct Answer:
The paper becomes polarized
Explanation:
The electric field of the charged object slightly separates bound charges in the paper. The closer induced opposite charge causes the paper to be attracted.
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