biology : class11 Meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid : CNS, PNS, Visceral Nervous System : Human Nervous System MCQ Questions and Answers
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Meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid
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MCQ Questions
1. Which sequence correctly represents the meningeal layers from the outer surface of the skull toward the neural tissue in the cranial cavity?
A.
Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater
B.
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
C.
Arachnoid mater, dura mater, pia mater
D.
Dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid mater
Correct Answer:
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Explanation:
The meninges are arranged externally to internally as dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. The pia mater lies directly on the surface of the brain and spinal cord.
2. Cerebrospinal fluid is located mainly in which meningeal space surrounding the brain and spinal cord?
A.
Epidural space
B.
Subdural space
C.
Subarachnoid space
D.
Intradura space
Correct Answer:
Subarachnoid space
Explanation:
CSF circulates through the subarachnoid space, which lies between the arachnoid mater and pia mater. This space also contains major blood vessels supplying the central nervous system.
3. Which statement best distinguishes the subdural space from the subarachnoid space?
A.
The subdural space lies between the dura and arachnoid, whereas the subarachnoid space contains CSF between the arachnoid and pia
B.
The subdural space lies between the arachnoid and pia, whereas the subarachnoid space lies between the dura and arachnoid
C.
Both spaces lie between the pia and neural tissue, but only the subdural space contains CSF
D.
The subdural space is within the ventricles, whereas the subarachnoid space surrounds only the spinal cord
Correct Answer:
The subdural space lies between the dura and arachnoid, whereas the subarachnoid space contains CSF between the arachnoid and pia
Explanation:
The subdural space is a potential space between dura mater and arachnoid mater. The subarachnoid space is the true CSF-filled space between arachnoid mater and pia mater.
4. Which meningeal layer closely follows the contours of the gyri and sulci of the brain?
A.
Dura mater
B.
Arachnoid mater
C.
Pia mater
D.
Periosteal layer of the dura
Correct Answer:
Pia mater
Explanation:
The pia mater is a thin, delicate vascular membrane that adheres closely to the surface of the brain and spinal cord, entering the sulci and covering the gyri.
5. Which feature of the arachnoid mater is most directly associated with the return of cerebrospinal fluid to the venous circulation?
A.
Dural folds
B.
Arachnoid villi projecting into dural venous sinuses
C.
Pial capillaries entering the ventricles
D.
Epidural fat deposits
Correct Answer:
Arachnoid villi projecting into dural venous sinuses
Explanation:
Arachnoid villi, including larger arachnoid granulations, project into dural venous sinuses and allow CSF to drain into the venous blood, helping maintain normal CSF pressure.
6. A blockage prevents cerebrospinal fluid from reaching the subarachnoid space after it leaves the fourth ventricle. Which consequence is most likely?
A.
Reduced CSF circulation around the brain and spinal cord with possible increased ventricular pressure
B.
Immediate disappearance of the dura mater from the cranial cavity
C.
Increased production of CSF by arachnoid villi
D.
Direct conversion of CSF into blood within the pia mater
Correct Answer:
Reduced CSF circulation around the brain and spinal cord with possible increased ventricular pressure
Explanation:
CSF normally exits the ventricular system into the subarachnoid space, where it circulates around the CNS. Obstruction of this pathway can impair CSF distribution and produce increased pressure within the ventricles.
7. Which combination correctly describes two major protective roles of cerebrospinal fluid?
A.
It provides buoyancy to reduce the effective weight of the brain and cushions it against mechanical injury
B.
It anchors the brain firmly to the skull and prevents all movement of neural tissue
C.
It supplies oxygen by replacing pulmonary circulation and forms the skull bones
D.
It causes contraction of meningeal muscles and prevents venous blood from entering the brain
Correct Answer:
It provides buoyancy to reduce the effective weight of the brain and cushions it against mechanical injury
Explanation:
CSF supports the brain through buoyancy and acts as a shock-absorbing fluid around the CNS. These functions reduce mechanical stress on delicate neural tissue.
8. Which statement about the dura mater is correct in the cranial cavity?
A.
It is the innermost meningeal layer and directly covers neurons
B.
It is the middle meningeal layer and forms the main CSF-producing tissue
C.
It is the tough outer meningeal layer and contributes to dural venous sinuses
D.
It is a transparent membrane that forms the walls of the ventricles
Correct Answer:
It is the tough outer meningeal layer and contributes to dural venous sinuses
Explanation:
The dura mater is the strongest and outermost meningeal layer. In the cranium, its layers separate in places to form dural venous sinuses, which receive venous blood and CSF drained through arachnoid granulations.
9. Why does a hemorrhage into the subarachnoid space pose a direct threat to normal cerebrospinal-fluid circulation?
A.
Blood can mix with CSF in the space where CSF normally circulates around the CNS
B.
Blood immediately dissolves the pia mater and eliminates the ventricles
C.
The subarachnoid space normally contains only venous blood and no CSF
D.
The hemorrhage converts the dura mater into a CSF-producing membrane
Correct Answer:
Blood can mix with CSF in the space where CSF normally circulates around the CNS
Explanation:
The subarachnoid space contains CSF and major blood vessels. Bleeding into this space can contaminate CSF and interfere with its normal circulation and absorption.
10. Which pathway best represents the normal direction of cerebrospinal-fluid drainage after CSF circulates in the subarachnoid space?
A.
Subarachnoid space → arachnoid granulations → dural venous sinuses
B.
Subarachnoid space → pia mater → epidural veins through the skull
C.
Subarachnoid space → dura mater → choroid plexus
D.
Subarachnoid space → arachnoid mater → central canal exclusively
Explanation:
After circulating around the brain and spinal cord, CSF is returned to the venous system through arachnoid villi or granulations that project into the dural venous sinuses.
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