1. What is apical dominance?
A.
The inhibition of lateral bud growth by the apical bud
B.
The formation of roots from leaves
C.
The aging of lower leaves
D.
The opening of flowers at night
Correct Answer:
The inhibition of lateral bud growth by the apical bud
Explanation:
Apical dominance is the condition in which the apical bud suppresses the growth of lateral or axillary buds.
2. Which buds are mainly suppressed during apical dominance?
A.
Root buds
B.
Lateral buds
C.
Flower buds only
D.
Seed buds
Correct Answer:
Lateral buds
Explanation:
During apical dominance, the apical bud inhibits the development of lateral buds located below it on the stem.
3. Which plant hormone generally promotes the growth of lateral buds and reduces apical dominance?
A.
Cytokinin
B.
Ethylene
C.
Abscisic acid
D.
Gibberellin
Correct Answer:
Cytokinin
Explanation:
Cytokinin stimulates cell division and can promote lateral bud growth, thereby reducing apical dominance.
4. What usually happens when the apical bud of a plant is removed?
A.
Lateral buds begin to grow
B.
All roots stop growing
C.
The stem immediately becomes a root
D.
Leaves stop performing photosynthesis
Correct Answer:
Lateral buds begin to grow
Explanation:
Removing the apical bud reduces its inhibitory effect, allowing lateral buds to develop and produce branches.
5. A plant treated with cytokinin on its lateral buds is most likely to show:
A.
Increased growth of lateral buds
B.
Complete inhibition of all buds
C.
Immediate root decay
D.
Loss of all stem nodes
Correct Answer:
Increased growth of lateral buds
Explanation:
Cytokinin application can stimulate the growth of lateral buds that are normally suppressed by apical dominance.
6. Which plant structure is mainly responsible for maintaining apical dominance?
A.
Apical bud
B.
Root cap
C.
Mature fruit
D.
Leaf vein
Correct Answer:
Apical bud
Explanation:
The apical bud at the tip of the shoot produces signals that suppress the growth of lateral buds.
7. A bushier plant can be produced by applying cytokinin because cytokinin:
A.
Encourages lateral branching
B.
Prevents cell division in buds
C.
Destroys all apical buds
D.
Stops the formation of leaves
Correct Answer:
Encourages lateral branching
Explanation:
By promoting lateral bud growth, cytokinin helps form more branches and can make the plant bushier.
8. If apical dominance is strong, the plant is likely to have:
A.
One main vertical shoot with fewer side branches
B.
Many equally growing side branches
C.
No stem growth at all
D.
Only underground leaves
Correct Answer:
One main vertical shoot with fewer side branches
Explanation:
Strong apical dominance favors the growth of the main shoot and suppresses the development of lateral branches.
9. Which treatment can help overcome apical dominance without removing the shoot tip?
A.
Applying cytokinin to lateral buds
B.
Removing all mature leaves
C.
Withholding oxygen from the roots
D.
Covering the roots with wax
Correct Answer:
Applying cytokinin to lateral buds
Explanation:
Cytokinin applied to lateral buds can stimulate their growth and reduce the effect of apical dominance.
10. The practical use of reducing apical dominance is to increase:
A.
Branching in plants
B.
Seed dormancy
C.
Root hair loss
D.
Leaf fall
Correct Answer:
Branching in plants
Explanation:
Reducing apical dominance allows lateral buds to grow, which increases branching and can improve the bushy form of a plant.
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