biology : class11 Evolutionary Relationships : Importance of Classification, Basis of Classification, Advantages of Classification : Need for Classification MCQ Questions and Answers
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Evolutionary Relationships
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. What does a classification system based on evolutionary relationships mainly show?
A.
The common ancestry of organisms
B.
The color of organisms
C.
The number of cells in organisms
D.
The habitat of organisms only
Correct Answer:
The common ancestry of organisms
Explanation:
Evolutionary classification groups organisms according to their common ancestry and relationships developed over time.
2. Which term refers to the evolutionary history of an organism or group of organisms?
A.
Physiology
B.
Phylogeny
C.
Anatomy
D.
Ecology
Correct Answer:
Phylogeny
Explanation:
Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationship of an organism or group of organisms.
3. Organisms that share a recent common ancestor are generally expected to have:
A.
Closer evolutionary relationships
B.
Completely different structures
C.
No similarities at all
D.
The same habitat always
Correct Answer:
Closer evolutionary relationships
Explanation:
A recent common ancestor indicates that organisms are evolutionarily more closely related.
4. Homologous organs are useful in studying evolutionary relationships because they have:
A.
A common basic origin
B.
The same function only
C.
No structural similarity
D.
Different evolutionary histories
Correct Answer:
A common basic origin
Explanation:
Homologous organs have a common evolutionary origin, even if their functions differ.
5. The forelimbs of humans, whales, and bats are examples of homologous structures. What do they indicate?
A.
Common evolutionary ancestry
B.
Identical modes of movement
C.
Similar habitats only
D.
No relationship between the organisms
Correct Answer:
Common evolutionary ancestry
Explanation:
The similar basic structure of these forelimbs suggests that the organisms inherited them from a common ancestor.
6. Analogous organs generally indicate that organisms:
A.
Have the same immediate ancestor
B.
May have evolved similar functions independently
C.
Belong to the same species
D.
Have identical body structures
Correct Answer:
May have evolved similar functions independently
Explanation:
Analogous organs perform similar functions but have different origins, so they do not necessarily show close evolutionary relationship.
7. A natural classification system is considered better for evolutionary study because it:
A.
Reflects natural relationships among organisms
B.
Uses only body color
C.
Groups organisms only by size
D.
Ignores similarities and differences
Correct Answer:
Reflects natural relationships among organisms
Explanation:
Natural classification uses several characteristics and better represents the evolutionary relationships among organisms.
8. In an evolutionary classification, organisms placed in the same close group usually share:
A.
A more recent common ancestor
B.
Exactly the same diet
C.
The same geographical location
D.
The same number of organs
Correct Answer:
A more recent common ancestor
Explanation:
Close classification groups generally contain organisms with a more recent common evolutionary ancestor.
9. Which evidence can help scientists determine evolutionary relationships among organisms?
A.
Similarities in DNA and body structures
B.
Only the color of the organisms
C.
Only the place where they live
D.
Only their common names
Correct Answer:
Similarities in DNA and body structures
Explanation:
DNA similarities and structural similarities provide evidence about common ancestry and evolutionary relationships.
10. Why are evolutionary relationships important in biological classification?
A.
They help arrange organisms according to their history of descent
B.
They make every organism appear identical
C.
They classify organisms only by their size
D.
They remove all similarities between organisms
Correct Answer:
They help arrange organisms according to their history of descent
Explanation:
Considering evolutionary relationships allows organisms to be classified according to their descent from common ancestors.
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