biology : class11 Predictive Value of Classification : Importance of Classification, Basis of Classification, Advantages of Classification : Need for Classification MCQ Questions and Answers
Practice important
Predictive Value of Classification
MCQ questions and answers.
Page 1
of
1
|
10
MCQ Questions
1. A newly discovered organism is placed in a taxonomic group whose members are known to possess chlorophyll, cellulose-rich cell walls, and autotrophic nutrition. Which inference best demonstrates the predictive value of classification?
A.
The organism must reproduce only by seeds
B.
The organism is likely to show photosynthetic nutrition and a cell wall of plant-like composition
C.
The organism must be multicellular and possess vascular tissues
D.
The organism must lack any form of sexual reproduction
Correct Answer:
The organism is likely to show photosynthetic nutrition and a cell wall of plant-like composition
Explanation:
Classification has predictive value because placement in a group allows probable characteristics of an incompletely studied organism to be inferred from the common traits of that group.
2. Two organisms are placed in the same genus but different species. Which prediction is most scientifically justified from this classification?
A.
They must occupy exactly the same ecological niche
B.
They must have identical chromosome numbers
C.
They are expected to share more fundamental characteristics than organisms belonging to different genera
D.
They must be capable of producing fertile offspring with each other
Correct Answer:
They are expected to share more fundamental characteristics than organisms belonging to different genera
Explanation:
A genus groups closely related species. Therefore, genus-level placement predicts a greater degree of overall similarity than placement in different genera, without guaranteeing identical traits or interbreeding.
3. A newly isolated microbe is classified with organisms known to obtain energy by oxidising inorganic substances rather than by ingesting food. Which conclusion is most appropriately predicted?
A.
It probably possesses a mode of nutrition based on chemolithotrophy
B.
It must contain chloroplasts for energy capture
C.
It must obtain carbon exclusively from preformed organic compounds
D.
It must be a multicellular eukaryote
Correct Answer:
It probably possesses a mode of nutrition based on chemolithotrophy
Explanation:
The predictive value of classification permits a likely physiological feature to be inferred from the established characteristics of the group, although the prediction remains subject to verification.
4. Why does classification based on evolutionary relationships generally have greater predictive value than classification based only on superficial similarity?
A.
Evolutionary relationships indicate shared ancestry, which can imply inherited similarities beyond visible form
B.
Superficial characters are always genetically controlled, whereas evolutionary characters are not
C.
Evolutionary classification eliminates all variation within a taxonomic group
D.
Superficial similarity can occur only among organisms from the same habitat
Correct Answer:
Evolutionary relationships indicate shared ancestry, which can imply inherited similarities beyond visible form
Explanation:
A classification reflecting common ancestry can predict additional structural, physiological, or developmental traits because related organisms may inherit characteristics from common ancestors.
5. An unknown plant is identified as a member of a family whose flowers consistently possess fused petals and a particular arrangement of stamens. What is the strongest prediction that can be made before detailed examination?
A.
Its flowers are likely to exhibit the characteristic family-level arrangement of petals and stamens
B.
It must have the same species name as every other member of the family
C.
It must possess exactly the same number of chromosomes as every other family member
D.
It must reproduce only through vegetative propagation
Correct Answer:
Its flowers are likely to exhibit the characteristic family-level arrangement of petals and stamens
Explanation:
Taxonomic placement can predict the occurrence of diagnostic morphological features typical of the group, but it does not imply complete identity in chromosome number, species, or reproductive method.
6. A researcher discovers an animal with a notochord at some stage of development and places it within Chordata. Which use of classification is illustrated when the researcher then investigates for a dorsal hollow nerve cord?
A.
Using group membership to predict a related diagnostic character
B.
Using habitat to determine the organism's common name
C.
Using body size to establish its exact species
D.
Using a single acquired trait to prove unrelatedness
Correct Answer:
Using group membership to predict a related diagnostic character
Explanation:
Classification has predictive value when one known characteristic of a taxonomic group guides the search for other correlated characteristics expected in members of that group.
7. Which observation would most strongly challenge a classification's predictive value for a particular group?
A.
A member displays a rare variation while retaining the group's major diagnostic traits
B.
A newly examined member repeatedly lacks several traits that the classification predicts should be shared by all members
C.
Two species in the group differ in colour and body size
D.
The group contains organisms adapted to different environments
Correct Answer:
A newly examined member repeatedly lacks several traits that the classification predicts should be shared by all members
Explanation:
Predictive value depends on reliable correspondence between group membership and expected characteristics. Repeated absence of several predicted traits indicates that the classification or the identification may require reassessment.
8. A taxonomist places an unknown organism in a group whose members possess a particular type of embryonic development. Which statement best describes the resulting prediction?
A.
The organism will probably show the group-specific developmental pattern, but the prediction must be tested
B.
The organism is proven to have identical adult morphology to every group member
C.
The organism cannot show any variation because classification removes biological differences
D.
The organism must have evolved independently of all other group members
Correct Answer:
The organism will probably show the group-specific developmental pattern, but the prediction must be tested
Explanation:
Classification supports probabilistic predictions about unexamined features, including developmental traits. Such predictions are useful hypotheses rather than absolute proof.
9. A newly found organism resembles a fish in body shape but is classified with mammals because of its mammary glands, three middle-ear bones, and hair. What predictive advantage follows from this placement?
A.
Its classification can suggest additional mammalian traits despite its fish-like external form
B.
Its body shape proves that it must possess gills and lay eggs
C.
Its habitat alone determines that it belongs to fishes
D.
Its external resemblance makes all mammalian predictions invalid
Correct Answer:
Its classification can suggest additional mammalian traits despite its fish-like external form
Explanation:
Classification based on significant diagnostic and evolutionary characters can predict related features more reliably than classification based only on superficial resemblance.
10. A taxonomic group is divided into progressively smaller categories. Which statement correctly explains how this hierarchy affects predictive precision?
A.
Placement in a lower, more specific category generally permits more precise predictions about shared characteristics
B.
Placement in a higher category always gives more precise predictions than placement in a species
C.
Predictions become impossible once an organism is assigned to a species
D.
Every category predicts exactly the same set of characteristics
Correct Answer:
Placement in a lower, more specific category generally permits more precise predictions about shared characteristics
Explanation:
Smaller taxonomic groups contain more closely related organisms, so their members usually share a narrower and more specific set of traits, increasing the precision of predictions.
Short Questions and Answers
Practice short questions and answers related to
Predictive Value of Classification
.
Short questions are currently unavailable for this page.