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Ciliated Simple Epithelium
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. Which combination most accurately describes the functional significance of ciliated simple epithelium in a hollow organ?
A.
A single layer of ciliated cells moves material along the epithelial surface in a coordinated direction
B.
Several layers of keratinized cells prevent all movement across the surface
C.
A single layer of non-ciliated cells produces cartilage for structural support
D.
Several layers of flattened cells generate antibodies within the lumen
Correct Answer:
A single layer of ciliated cells moves material along the epithelial surface in a coordinated direction
Explanation:
Ciliated simple epithelium consists of one layer of cells bearing cilia. The coordinated beating of cilia moves mucus, particles, or luminal contents in a definite direction.
2. A tissue lining the fallopian tube is damaged so that its cilia stop beating, while the epithelial cells remain alive. Which immediate consequence is most likely?
A.
Reduced movement of the ovum toward the uterus
B.
Complete loss of diffusion of respiratory gases
C.
Increased secretion of digestive enzymes into the tube
D.
Formation of a multilayered protective covering over the tube
Correct Answer:
Reduced movement of the ovum toward the uterus
Explanation:
Ciliated simple epithelium lines the fallopian tubes and helps propel the ovum toward the uterus through coordinated ciliary movement.
3. Which observation would provide the strongest microscopic evidence that an epithelial lining is ciliated simple epithelium rather than simple non-ciliated epithelium?
A.
A single layer of cells with numerous motile projections at the free surface
B.
Multiple layers of cells with flattened superficial cells
C.
A single layer of cells lacking any apical specialization
D.
Irregularly arranged cells embedded in a mineralized matrix
Correct Answer:
A single layer of cells with numerous motile projections at the free surface
Explanation:
The defining features are a single epithelial layer and cilia on the free or apical surface. The cilia are specialized for moving material over the epithelium.
4. Why is the term 'simple' appropriate when describing ciliated simple epithelium?
A.
It contains only one layer of epithelial cells despite possessing apical cilia
B.
Its cells are always cuboidal and lack any specialized surface structure
C.
It performs only one function in every organ where it occurs
D.
It is composed of a single type of connective-tissue cell
Correct Answer:
It contains only one layer of epithelial cells despite possessing apical cilia
Explanation:
In epithelial classification, 'simple' refers to the presence of one cell layer. Ciliation describes the specialized apical surface and does not change the number of layers.
5. In the bronchioles, the principal advantage of ciliated simple epithelium is that it can:
A.
Move mucus and trapped particles toward a region where they can be removed
B.
Produce red blood cells directly within the airway lumen
C.
Store large quantities of fat between epithelial cells
D.
Prevent every substance from crossing the airway by forming many layers
Correct Answer:
Move mucus and trapped particles toward a region where they can be removed
Explanation:
Cilia on the epithelial surface beat in a coordinated manner and transport mucus containing trapped particles along the bronchiolar lining, supporting airway clearance.
6. A drug selectively paralyses the cilia of an epithelial lining but does not destroy the epithelial cells. Which epithelial function is most directly impaired?
A.
Directional transport of material across the epithelial surface
B.
Formation of a mineralized extracellular matrix
C.
Contraction of the entire epithelial sheet as muscle tissue
D.
Production of a multilayered barrier by cell division alone
Correct Answer:
Directional transport of material across the epithelial surface
Explanation:
The major specialized function of cilia in ciliated simple epithelium is coordinated movement of material, such as mucus or luminal contents, in a particular direction.
7. Which pairing correctly relates a location of ciliated simple epithelium to the material it helps move?
A.
Fallopian tube — ovum toward the uterus
B.
Bronchiole — urine toward the urinary bladder
C.
Small intestine — bile toward the gallbladder by ciliary beating
D.
Blood vessel — red blood cells toward the heart by epithelial cilia
Correct Answer:
Fallopian tube — ovum toward the uterus
Explanation:
Ciliated simple epithelium in the fallopian tube helps move the ovum toward the uterus. The other pairings incorrectly assign ciliary transport to unrelated organs or materials.
8. If the direction of ciliary beating in a ciliated epithelial lining were reversed, which change would be expected?
A.
The transported material would move opposite to its normal physiological direction
B.
The epithelium would automatically become compound epithelium
C.
The epithelial cells would lose their nuclei and become connective tissue
D.
The cilia would begin producing a protective mineral layer
Correct Answer:
The transported material would move opposite to its normal physiological direction
Explanation:
Ciliary movement is directional. Reversing the beat would alter the direction in which mucus, particles, or luminal contents are transported, without changing the tissue into another epithelial type.
9. Which feature best explains why ciliated simple epithelium is suited for transporting material while maintaining a relatively thin lining?
A.
Its single cell layer provides a short epithelial thickness, while cilia provide active surface movement
B.
Its many cell layers create a thick contractile wall that pushes luminal contents
C.
Its mineralized cells dissolve particles before transport begins
D.
Its absence of an apical surface allows material to pass through the cells freely
Correct Answer:
Its single cell layer provides a short epithelial thickness, while cilia provide active surface movement
Explanation:
The simple arrangement keeps the lining relatively thin, whereas the apical cilia perform coordinated movement of material over the surface. These are separate structural and functional features.
10. A specimen from a small bronchus shows one layer of epithelial cells whose apical cilia beat synchronously toward the pharynx. Which conclusion is most appropriate?
A.
The tissue is adapted for directional clearance of mucus and inhaled particles
B.
The tissue is specialized primarily for storing calcium salts
C.
The tissue is adapted mainly for generating voluntary movement of the airway wall
D.
The tissue is specialized for transporting urine from the kidney
Correct Answer:
The tissue is adapted for directional clearance of mucus and inhaled particles
Explanation:
Ciliated epithelium in the respiratory passageways moves mucus and trapped particles toward the pharynx. Synchronous beating is essential for this directional clearance.
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