chemistry : class11 Subshell Definition : Concept of subshells : Structure of Atom MCQ Questions and Answers
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Subshell Definition
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. Which statement most precisely defines a subshell in an atom?
A.
A collection of orbitals having the same principal quantum number and the same azimuthal quantum number
B.
A collection of orbitals having the same principal quantum number and the same magnetic quantum number
C.
A region containing electrons with the same spin quantum number
D.
A complete energy level containing all orbitals with different principal quantum numbers
Correct Answer:
A collection of orbitals having the same principal quantum number and the same azimuthal quantum number
Explanation:
A subshell is identified by a particular combination of the principal quantum number n and azimuthal quantum number l. It contains all orbitals corresponding to the allowed magnetic quantum numbers for that n and l.
2. The designation 3d represents which specific subshell property?
A.
The third shell containing five electrons only
B.
The subshell with n = 3 and l = 2
C.
The third orbital of the d subshell
D.
A subshell containing three orbitals with l = 2
Correct Answer:
The subshell with n = 3 and l = 2
Explanation:
In a subshell notation such as 3d, the number gives the principal quantum number n, while the letter d corresponds to l = 2. Thus, 3d denotes a subshell, not an individual orbital.
3. Why are 3s and 3p classified as different subshells even though both belong to the third shell?
A.
They contain electrons with different principal quantum numbers
B.
They have different values of the azimuthal quantum number
C.
They have different values of the spin quantum number only
D.
They belong to different atoms in the periodic table
Correct Answer:
They have different values of the azimuthal quantum number
Explanation:
Both 3s and 3p have n = 3, so they belong to the same shell. They are different subshells because s corresponds to l = 0 whereas p corresponds to l = 1.
4. Which set contains only subshells belonging to the same principal shell?
A.
2s, 2p, 2d
B.
3s, 3p, 3d
C.
3p, 4p, 5p
D.
1s, 2s, 3s
Correct Answer:
3s, 3p, 3d
Explanation:
Subshells belong to the same shell when they have the same principal quantum number. The subshells 3s, 3p, and 3d all have n = 3 and are allowed subshells of the third shell.
5. Which statement correctly distinguishes a shell from a subshell?
A.
A shell is specified by n, whereas a subshell is specified by both n and l
B.
A shell is specified by l, whereas a subshell is specified only by n
C.
A shell contains one orbital, whereas a subshell contains one electron
D.
A shell and a subshell are identical terms for the same region of space
Correct Answer:
A shell is specified by n, whereas a subshell is specified by both n and l
Explanation:
The principal quantum number n identifies a shell. A subshell is a subdivision within that shell and requires both n and l for its identification.
6. Which of the following is not a valid subshell designation?
A.
1s
B.
2p
C.
3d
D.
2d
Correct Answer:
2d
Explanation:
For a given principal quantum number n, the azimuthal quantum number l can range from 0 to n − 1. For n = 2, only l = 0 and l = 1 are allowed, corresponding to 2s and 2p; therefore, 2d is not a valid subshell.
7. A subshell is subdivided into orbitals. For a fixed subshell, what determines the number of orbitals it contains?
A.
The principal quantum number alone
B.
The azimuthal quantum number according to the allowed magnetic quantum numbers
C.
The electron spin quantum number alone
D.
The atomic number of the element
Correct Answer:
The azimuthal quantum number according to the allowed magnetic quantum numbers
Explanation:
For a subshell with a particular l value, the magnetic quantum number m_l can have values from −l to +l, giving 2l + 1 orbitals. Thus, the subshell definition includes a group of orbitals characterized by the same n and l.
8. Which pair represents two different subshells that have the same type of orbital shape but belong to different shells?
A.
2s and 3s
B.
2s and 2p
C.
3p and 3d
D.
1s and 2p
Correct Answer:
2s and 3s
Explanation:
Both 2s and 3s are s subshells, so they have the same l value and orbital type. They are different subshells because their principal quantum numbers are different.
9. Which statement about the relationship between a shell and its subshells is correct?
A.
Every shell contains only one subshell, regardless of its principal quantum number
B.
A shell with principal quantum number n can contain subshells with l values from 0 to n − 1
C.
A shell contains subshells with l values from 1 to n
D.
The number of subshells in a shell is always equal to two
Correct Answer:
A shell with principal quantum number n can contain subshells with l values from 0 to n − 1
Explanation:
The allowed azimuthal quantum numbers within a shell are l = 0, 1, 2, ..., n − 1. Each allowed l value defines one subshell, so a shell with principal quantum number n contains n subshells.
10. Two orbitals are known to belong to the same subshell. Which condition must necessarily be true for them?
A.
They must have identical values of n, l, and m_l
B.
They must have identical values of n and l but may differ in m_l
C.
They must have identical values of l and m_l but may differ in n
D.
They must have identical electron spins but may differ in all quantum numbers
Correct Answer:
They must have identical values of n and l but may differ in m_l
Explanation:
All orbitals in a subshell share the same principal quantum number n and azimuthal quantum number l. They are distinguished from one another by different allowed values of the magnetic quantum number m_l.
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