chemistry : class12 Cation-Anion Arrangement : Ionic solids : Solid State MCQ Questions and Answers
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Cation-Anion Arrangement
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. In an ionic crystal, how are cations and anions generally arranged?
A.
They are arranged randomly
B.
They are arranged in a regular pattern with opposite charges near each other
C.
Only cations form the crystal lattice
D.
Only anions form the crystal lattice
Correct Answer:
They are arranged in a regular pattern with opposite charges near each other
Explanation:
Ionic solids have a regular three-dimensional arrangement in which cations and anions are positioned so that oppositely charged ions are nearest to one another.
2. In the sodium chloride crystal structure, each sodium ion is surrounded by how many chloride ions?
A.
2
B.
4
C.
6
D.
8
Correct Answer:
6
Explanation:
In the sodium chloride arrangement, each sodium ion has six nearest-neighbour chloride ions, giving octahedral coordination.
3. In the sodium chloride structure, each chloride ion is surrounded by how many sodium ions?
A.
4
B.
6
C.
8
D.
12
Correct Answer:
6
Explanation:
The sodium chloride structure is arranged symmetrically, so each chloride ion also has six nearest-neighbour sodium ions.
4. Which type of hole is occupied by cations in the sodium chloride crystal structure?
A.
Tetrahedral holes
B.
Octahedral holes
C.
Cubic holes only
D.
No holes are occupied
Correct Answer:
Octahedral holes
Explanation:
In the sodium chloride arrangement, one set of ions forms a face-centred cubic lattice and the oppositely charged ions occupy all the octahedral holes.
5. What is the coordination number of each ion in the caesium chloride crystal structure?
A.
2
B.
4
C.
6
D.
8
Correct Answer:
8
Explanation:
In the caesium chloride arrangement, each caesium ion is surrounded by eight chloride ions, and each chloride ion is surrounded by eight caesium ions.
6. Which arrangement describes the caesium chloride crystal structure?
A.
Each ion has four oppositely charged nearest neighbours
B.
Each ion has six oppositely charged nearest neighbours
C.
Each ion has eight oppositely charged nearest neighbours
D.
Each ion has twelve oppositely charged nearest neighbours
Correct Answer:
Each ion has eight oppositely charged nearest neighbours
Explanation:
The caesium chloride structure has cubic coordination, in which each ion is surrounded by eight ions of the opposite charge.
7. In a crystal with tetrahedral coordination, each ion is surrounded by how many oppositely charged ions?
A.
2
B.
4
C.
6
D.
8
Correct Answer:
4
Explanation:
Tetrahedral coordination means that each ion has four nearest-neighbour ions of opposite charge arranged at the corners of a tetrahedron.
8. Which structure has octahedral coordination of ions?
A.
Sodium chloride structure
B.
Caesium chloride structure
C.
A structure with two nearest neighbours
D.
A structure with no nearest neighbours
Correct Answer:
Sodium chloride structure
Explanation:
The sodium chloride structure has six nearest neighbours around each ion, which corresponds to octahedral coordination.
9. Why are oppositely charged ions placed close together in an ionic crystal?
A.
To increase electrostatic attraction
B.
To eliminate all electrostatic forces
C.
To make all ions have the same charge
D.
To prevent the formation of an ordered structure
Correct Answer:
To increase electrostatic attraction
Explanation:
The arrangement of opposite charges near one another increases attractive electrostatic forces and helps stabilize the ionic crystal lattice.
10. In an ionic lattice, what is meant by the coordination number of an ion?
A.
The number of ions of the same charge in the crystal
B.
The number of nearest oppositely charged ions around it
C.
The total number of ions in the crystal
D.
The number of electrons transferred during bonding
Correct Answer:
The number of nearest oppositely charged ions around it
Explanation:
The coordination number specifies how many nearest-neighbour ions of opposite charge surround a particular ion in the crystal arrangement.
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