1. What type of bond is formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions?
A.
Ionic bond
B.
Covalent bond
C.
Metallic bond
D.
Hydrogen bond
Correct Answer:
Ionic bond
Explanation:
An ionic bond is the electrostatic attraction between positively charged cations and negatively charged anions.
2. What happens to a sodium atom when it forms an ionic bond with chlorine?
A.
It gains one electron
B.
It loses one electron
C.
It shares two electrons
D.
It gains two electrons
Correct Answer:
It loses one electron
Explanation:
Sodium loses one valence electron to form a positively charged Na+ ion, which can attract the Cl− ion.
3. Which ion is formed when a chlorine atom gains one electron?
A.
Cl+
B.
Cl2+
C.
Cl−
D.
Cl2−
Correct Answer:
Cl−
Explanation:
A chlorine atom gains one electron and becomes a negatively charged chloride ion, Cl−.
4. Which pair of ions forms an ionic bond through electrostatic attraction?
A.
Na+ and Cl−
B.
Na+ and K+
C.
Cl− and Br−
D.
Mg2+ and Ca2+
Correct Answer:
Na+ and Cl−
Explanation:
Na+ is positively charged and Cl− is negatively charged, so they attract each other and form an ionic bond.
5. What is the charge of a cation formed when an atom loses electrons?
A.
Positive
B.
Negative
C.
Neutral
D.
Variable only in nonmetals
Correct Answer:
Positive
Explanation:
Loss of negatively charged electrons leaves the atom with more protons than electrons, producing a positively charged cation.
6. What is the charge of an anion formed when an atom gains electrons?
A.
Positive
B.
Negative
C.
Neutral
D.
Always zero
Correct Answer:
Negative
Explanation:
An atom becomes an anion when it gains electrons, giving it an overall negative charge.
7. Which ion is most likely formed by a magnesium atom during ionic bonding?
A.
Mg+
B.
Mg2+
C.
Mg−
D.
Mg2−
Correct Answer:
Mg2+
Explanation:
Magnesium loses two valence electrons to form the Mg2+ cation, which participates in ionic bonding.
8. Which ion is most likely formed by an oxygen atom during ionic bonding?
A.
O+
B.
O2+
C.
O−
D.
O2−
Correct Answer:
O2−
Explanation:
Oxygen gains two electrons to complete its valence shell and forms the oxide ion, O2−.
9. What is the correct formula of the ionic compound formed from Na+ and O2− ions?
A.
NaO
B.
Na2O
C.
NaO2
D.
Na2O2
Correct Answer:
Na2O
Explanation:
Two Na+ ions are needed to balance the charge of one O2− ion, giving the neutral formula Na2O.
10. Why do oppositely charged ions remain together in an ionic solid?
A.
Because of electrostatic attraction
B.
Because they share identical nuclei
C.
Because both ions have the same charge
D.
Because electrons stop existing
Correct Answer:
Because of electrostatic attraction
Explanation:
The positive and negative charges of the ions attract each other, holding the ions together in the ionic solid.
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