physics : class12 Nuclear Binding Energy : Mass Defect : Atoms and Nuclei MCQ Questions and Answers
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Nuclear Binding Energy
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. What is meant by the binding energy of a nucleus?
A.
The energy required to separate the nucleus completely into its individual nucleons
B.
The energy required to remove an electron from the atom
C.
The energy emitted when an electron changes its orbit
D.
The energy required to melt the nucleus
Correct Answer:
The energy required to separate the nucleus completely into its individual nucleons
Explanation:
Nuclear binding energy is the minimum energy needed to separate a nucleus completely into its protons and neutrons.
2. The nuclear binding energy is related to mass defect by which equation?
A.
E = mc
B.
E = Δmc²
C.
E = Δm/c²
D.
E = m²c
Correct Answer:
E = Δmc²
Explanation:
The binding energy is obtained from the mass defect using Einstein's relation E = Δmc².
3. If the mass defect of a nucleus is Δm, its binding energy is proportional to:
A.
Δm
B.
1/Δm
C.
Δm²
D.
Zero for every nucleus
Correct Answer:
Δm
Explanation:
Since binding energy E = Δmc² and c is constant, binding energy is directly proportional to the mass defect.
4. Which unit is commonly used to express nuclear binding energy?
A.
Electron volt
B.
Kilogram
C.
Metre
D.
Ampere
Correct Answer:
Electron volt
Explanation:
Nuclear binding energies are commonly expressed in electron volts, especially in mega-electron volts (MeV).
5. What does a larger binding energy per nucleon generally indicate?
A.
Greater nuclear stability
B.
Smaller nuclear size only
C.
Absence of neutrons
D.
Lower nuclear stability
Correct Answer:
Greater nuclear stability
Explanation:
A larger binding energy per nucleon means that more energy is needed, on average, to remove a nucleon, indicating greater stability.
6. The binding energy per nucleon is calculated by:
A.
Multiplying total binding energy by the mass number
B.
Dividing total binding energy by the number of nucleons
C.
Dividing the mass number by total binding energy
D.
Adding the proton and neutron masses
Correct Answer:
Dividing total binding energy by the number of nucleons
Explanation:
Binding energy per nucleon equals the total nuclear binding energy divided by the total number of nucleons, represented by the mass number.
7. If a nucleus has a mass defect of 0.01 u, its binding energy is approximately:
A.
0.931 MeV
B.
9.31 MeV
C.
93.1 MeV
D.
931 MeV
Correct Answer:
9.31 MeV
Explanation:
Using 1 u ≈ 931 MeV/c², the binding energy is 0.01 × 931 MeV = 9.31 MeV.
8. During the formation of a stable nucleus from its separate nucleons, binding energy is:
A.
Released
B.
Destroyed
C.
Unchanged at zero
D.
Converted into nucleons
Correct Answer:
Released
Explanation:
When separate nucleons combine to form a bound nucleus, energy equal to the nuclear binding energy is released.
9. A nucleus with greater total binding energy than another nucleus necessarily has:
A.
Greater binding energy per nucleon
B.
More nucleons or stronger overall binding, but not necessarily greater binding energy per nucleon
C.
No neutrons
D.
Zero mass defect
Correct Answer:
More nucleons or stronger overall binding, but not necessarily greater binding energy per nucleon
Explanation:
Total binding energy depends on both the number of nucleons and the binding per nucleon, so greater total binding energy does not necessarily mean greater binding energy per nucleon.
10. What is the physical meaning of mass defect in a nucleus?
A.
The difference between the sum of the masses of free nucleons and the actual nuclear mass
B.
The mass of all electrons in the atom
C.
The mass of the nucleus divided by its radius
D.
The mass gained when the nucleus breaks apart
Correct Answer:
The difference between the sum of the masses of free nucleons and the actual nuclear mass
Explanation:
Mass defect is the missing mass when free nucleons form a nucleus, and this mass is equivalent to the nuclear binding energy through E = Δmc².
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