physics : class11 Orbital Position : Second Law of Kepler : Gravitation MCQ Questions and Answers
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Orbital Position
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. According to Kepler's second law, the line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out
A.
equal areas in equal intervals of time
B.
equal distances in equal intervals of time
C.
unequal areas in equal intervals of time
D.
equal areas in unequal intervals of time
Correct Answer:
equal areas in equal intervals of time
Explanation:
Kepler's second law states that the radius vector from the Sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time.
2. A planet moves from position P to Q in a certain time and sweeps an area A. In an equal time interval, the area swept from position R to S will be
A.
A
B.
2A
C.
A/2
D.
zero
Correct Answer:
A
Explanation:
For equal time intervals, Kepler's second law requires the areas swept by the line joining the planet to the Sun to be equal.
3. When a planet is closer to the Sun in its orbit, its orbital speed is
A.
greater
B.
smaller
C.
zero
D.
constant at all positions
Correct Answer:
greater
Explanation:
To sweep equal areas in equal times, the planet must move faster when it is closer to the Sun.
4. When a planet is farther from the Sun, it moves in its orbit
A.
more slowly
B.
more rapidly
C.
with zero speed
D.
with infinite speed
Correct Answer:
more slowly
Explanation:
At a greater orbital distance, the planet moves more slowly so that equal areas are swept in equal time intervals.
5. If a planet sweeps an area of 6 square units in 2 days, the area swept in the next 2 days is
A.
6 square units
B.
3 square units
C.
12 square units
D.
8 square units
Correct Answer:
6 square units
Explanation:
The two time intervals are equal, so the areas swept must also be equal according to Kepler's second law.
6. The point in a planet's elliptical orbit where it is nearest to the Sun is called
A.
perihelion
B.
aphelion
C.
equator
D.
center of mass
Correct Answer:
perihelion
Explanation:
Perihelion is the orbital position closest to the Sun, where the planet has its greatest orbital speed.
7. The point in a planet's elliptical orbit where it is farthest from the Sun is called
A.
aphelion
B.
perihelion
C.
pole
D.
focus point
Correct Answer:
aphelion
Explanation:
Aphelion is the position farthest from the Sun, where the planet moves with its lowest orbital speed.
8. A planet takes equal time intervals to move through two different parts of its orbit. According to Kepler's second law, the areas swept in these parts are
A.
equal
B.
greater in the outer part only
C.
greater in the inner part only
D.
always zero
Correct Answer:
equal
Explanation:
The defining statement of Kepler's second law is that equal time intervals correspond to equal swept areas.
9. As a planet moves from aphelion toward perihelion, its orbital speed generally
A.
increases
B.
decreases
C.
remains zero
D.
becomes constant everywhere
Correct Answer:
increases
Explanation:
The planet approaches the Sun during this motion, and its speed increases to maintain the equal-area rule.
10. If a planet sweeps 10 square units in 5 hours, how much time will it take to sweep 20 square units at the same orbital position pattern?
A.
10 hours
B.
5 hours
C.
15 hours
D.
2.5 hours
Correct Answer:
10 hours
Explanation:
The area swept is proportional to time under Kepler's second law. Doubling the swept area requires doubling the time from 5 hours to 10 hours.
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