physics : class11 Perihelion Distance : Second Law of Kepler : Gravitation MCQ Questions and Answers
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Perihelion Distance
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. What is the perihelion distance of a planet?
A.
The greatest distance of the planet from the Sun
B.
The least distance of the planet from the Sun
C.
The average distance of the planet from the Sun
D.
The distance of the planet from Earth
Correct Answer:
The least distance of the planet from the Sun
Explanation:
Perihelion distance is the minimum distance between a planet and the Sun during its orbit.
2. At which point in its orbit is a planet at perihelion?
A.
When it is farthest from the Sun
B.
When it is closest to the Sun
C.
When it is midway between the Sun and Earth
D.
When its orbital period is maximum
Correct Answer:
When it is closest to the Sun
Explanation:
The perihelion point is the point where the planet is nearest to the Sun, so its distance is minimum.
3. If the perihelion distance of a planet is 1.5 × 10^11 m, what does this value represent?
A.
The maximum distance of the planet from the Sun
B.
The minimum distance of the planet from the Sun
C.
The diameter of the planet's orbit
D.
The distance travelled by the planet in one orbit
Correct Answer:
The minimum distance of the planet from the Sun
Explanation:
A perihelion distance is defined as the smallest Sun-planet separation, regardless of its numerical value.
4. For an elliptical orbit, the perihelion distance is measured from the Sun to the planet when the planet is at the:
A.
Nearest point of its orbit
B.
Farthest point of its orbit
C.
Centre of the ellipse
D.
End of one complete revolution
Correct Answer:
Nearest point of its orbit
Explanation:
The perihelion distance is the radial distance from the Sun to the nearest point of the elliptical orbit.
5. A planet has a perihelion distance of 100 million km and an aphelion distance of 150 million km. Which statement is correct?
A.
The planet is closest to the Sun at 150 million km
B.
The planet is closest to the Sun at 100 million km
C.
The planet remains at a constant distance of 125 million km
D.
The perihelion distance is 250 million km
Correct Answer:
The planet is closest to the Sun at 100 million km
Explanation:
Perihelion is the closest point, so the smaller distance, 100 million km, is the perihelion distance.
6. Which symbol commonly represents the perihelion distance when the closest and farthest distances are denoted by r_p and r_a?
A.
r_p
B.
r_a
C.
r_p + r_a
D.
r_a - r_p
Correct Answer:
r_p
Explanation:
The subscript p in r_p indicates perihelion, so r_p commonly denotes the minimum distance from the Sun.
7. According to Kepler's second law, a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times. At perihelion, its distance from the Sun is:
A.
Minimum
B.
Maximum
C.
Always equal to the orbital radius
D.
Equal to zero
Correct Answer:
Minimum
Explanation:
Perihelion is defined by the minimum distance from the Sun. The planet moves fastest there so that equal areas are swept out in equal times.
8. If the perihelion distance of a planet increases, the planet's closest approach to the Sun becomes:
A.
Smaller
B.
Larger
C.
Zero
D.
Unchanged in every case
Correct Answer:
Larger
Explanation:
Perihelion distance directly measures the closest approach to the Sun, so an increase means a larger minimum distance.
9. For a planet moving in an elliptical orbit, which distance is smaller?
A.
Perihelion distance
B.
Aphelion distance
C.
Both distances are always equal
D.
The distance travelled in one orbit
Correct Answer:
Perihelion distance
Explanation:
The perihelion distance is the minimum Sun-planet distance, while the aphelion distance is the maximum.
10. A planet is at a distance of 2 AU from the Sun at its farthest point and 1 AU at its nearest point. What is its perihelion distance?
A.
0.5 AU
B.
1 AU
C.
2 AU
D.
3 AU
Correct Answer:
1 AU
Explanation:
The nearest point is perihelion, so the perihelion distance is the given minimum distance of 1 AU.
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Perihelion Distance
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