physics : class11 Extensive Property : Internal Energy : Thermodynamics MCQ Questions and Answers
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Extensive Property
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. Which of the following is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system?
A.
Temperature
B.
Pressure
C.
Internal energy
D.
Density
Correct Answer:
Internal energy
Explanation:
Internal energy is extensive because its value depends on the amount of matter in the system.
2. If the amount of a substance is doubled while its temperature and other conditions remain the same, what happens to its total internal energy?
A.
It becomes half
B.
It remains unchanged
C.
It becomes double
D.
It becomes zero
Correct Answer:
It becomes double
Explanation:
Internal energy is an extensive property, so it increases in proportion to the amount of substance.
3. Two identical thermodynamic systems are combined without changing their individual states. The internal energy of the combined system is:
A.
Equal to the internal energy of one system
B.
Twice the internal energy of one system
C.
Half the internal energy of one system
D.
Independent of the internal energies of the systems
Correct Answer:
Twice the internal energy of one system
Explanation:
For an extensive property, the total value is the sum of the values of the separate systems.
4. The internal energy of a system is classified as extensive because it depends on the system's:
A.
Colour
B.
Amount of matter
C.
Shape only
D.
Container material only
Correct Answer:
Amount of matter
Explanation:
An extensive property changes when the quantity of matter in the system changes.
5. A system is divided into two parts. If its total internal energy before division is U, the sum of the internal energies of the two parts is:
A.
U
B.
2U
C.
U/2
D.
Zero
Correct Answer:
U
Explanation:
Internal energy is additive, so the internal energies of the parts add up to the internal energy of the original system.
6. Which quantity is obtained by dividing the total internal energy of a system by its mass?
A.
Specific internal energy
B.
Total pressure
C.
Total temperature
D.
Total volume
Correct Answer:
Specific internal energy
Explanation:
Specific internal energy is internal energy per unit mass and does not depend on the total amount of substance in the same way as total internal energy.
7. If a thermodynamic system is made three times larger with the same state per unit mass, its total internal energy becomes:
A.
One-third of the original value
B.
The same as the original value
C.
Three times the original value
D.
Nine times the original value
Correct Answer:
Three times the original value
Explanation:
Since internal energy is extensive, tripling the amount of matter triples the total internal energy when the state per unit mass remains the same.
8. Which statement about the internal energy of two separate systems is correct?
A.
The combined internal energy is the difference of their internal energies
B.
The combined internal energy is the sum of their internal energies
C.
The combined internal energy is always zero
D.
The combined internal energy is always equal to the smaller value
Correct Answer:
The combined internal energy is the sum of their internal energies
Explanation:
Additivity is a defining feature of an extensive property such as internal energy.
9. A sample of gas has internal energy U. If an identical sample is added at the same thermodynamic state, the total internal energy is:
A.
U/2
B.
U
C.
2U
D.
U squared
Correct Answer:
2U
Explanation:
Adding an identical amount of matter adds an equal amount of internal energy, so the total becomes 2U.
10. Which change directly demonstrates that internal energy is an extensive property?
A.
Changing the colour of the container
B.
Changing the amount of substance while keeping its state per unit mass the same
C.
Changing only the shape of the container
D.
Changing the name of the substance
Correct Answer:
Changing the amount of substance while keeping its state per unit mass the same
Explanation:
An extensive property changes with the amount of matter, so changing the quantity of substance changes the total internal energy.
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