biology : class12 Cloning Vectors : DNA Isolation, Restriction Enzymes, Vector, Ligation, Host Cell : Recombinant DNA Technology MCQ Questions and Answers
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Cloning Vectors
MCQ questions and answers.
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MCQ Questions
1. What is the main purpose of a cloning vector?
A.
To carry and replicate a foreign DNA fragment in a host cell
B.
To destroy the host cell immediately
C.
To produce proteins without any DNA
D.
To remove all chromosomes from a cell
Correct Answer:
To carry and replicate a foreign DNA fragment in a host cell
Explanation:
A cloning vector carries a desired DNA fragment into a host cell and allows its replication.
2. Which of the following is commonly used as a cloning vector in bacteria?
A.
Plasmid
B.
Ribosome
C.
Lysosome
D.
Cell wall
Correct Answer:
Plasmid
Explanation:
Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can replicate independently inside bacterial cells and are commonly used as cloning vectors.
3. What is the function of the origin of replication in a cloning vector?
A.
It allows the vector to replicate inside the host cell
B.
It breaks down the host cell membrane
C.
It produces amino acids
D.
It prevents the vector from entering the host cell
Correct Answer:
It allows the vector to replicate inside the host cell
Explanation:
The origin of replication is the specific sequence from which replication of the cloning vector begins in the host cell.
4. Which feature helps in identifying host cells that have received a cloning vector?
A.
Selectable marker
B.
Cell membrane
C.
Nucleolus
D.
Cytoplasm
Correct Answer:
Selectable marker
Explanation:
A selectable marker, such as an antibiotic-resistance gene, helps identify host cells containing the cloning vector.
5. In a cloning vector, what is the role of a selectable marker gene?
A.
To select cells containing the vector
B.
To digest the vector DNA
C.
To form the host cell wall
D.
To stop DNA replication
Correct Answer:
To select cells containing the vector
Explanation:
A selectable marker gives transformed host cells a characteristic that allows them to be distinguished from non-transformed cells.
6. Which type of DNA molecule is usually small, circular, and capable of independent replication in bacteria?
A.
Plasmid
B.
Messenger RNA
C.
Transfer RNA
D.
Ribosomal protein
Correct Answer:
Plasmid
Explanation:
A plasmid is a small circular DNA molecule that replicates independently of the bacterial chromosome and can serve as a cloning vector.
7. What is the purpose of a cloning site in a vector?
A.
To provide a location for insertion of foreign DNA
B.
To produce energy for the host cell
C.
To remove the vector from the host cell
D.
To destroy the inserted DNA
Correct Answer:
To provide a location for insertion of foreign DNA
Explanation:
A cloning site is a specific region of the vector where the desired foreign DNA can be inserted.
8. Which of the following is an important property of a good cloning vector?
A.
It should be able to replicate inside the host cell
B.
It should lack any DNA sequence
C.
It should always destroy the host cell
D.
It should be unable to enter the host cell
Correct Answer:
It should be able to replicate inside the host cell
Explanation:
Replication inside the host cell allows the inserted foreign DNA to be copied along with the vector.
9. The plasmid pBR322 is used as a:
A.
Cloning vector
B.
Digestive enzyme
C.
Cellular organelle
D.
Protein hormone
Correct Answer:
Cloning vector
Explanation:
pBR322 is a bacterial plasmid commonly used as a cloning vector because it contains features such as an origin of replication and selectable marker genes.
10. Why are antibiotic-resistance genes useful in cloning vectors?
A.
They help identify host cells that contain the vector
B.
They directly synthesize foreign DNA
C.
They prevent plasmid replication
D.
They dissolve the bacterial chromosome
Correct Answer:
They help identify host cells that contain the vector
Explanation:
Antibiotic-resistance genes act as selectable markers, allowing researchers to identify host cells that have taken up the cloning vector.
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