1. What is the first step of glycolysis involving glucose?
A.
Phosphorylation of glucose
B.
Oxidation of pyruvate
C.
Splitting of fructose
D.
Formation of acetyl-CoA
Correct Answer:
Phosphorylation of glucose
Explanation:
The first step of glycolysis is the phosphorylation of glucose to form glucose-6-phosphate.
2. Which enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose in the first step of glycolysis?
A.
Phosphofructokinase
B.
Hexokinase
C.
Pyruvate kinase
D.
Lactate dehydrogenase
Correct Answer:
Hexokinase
Explanation:
Hexokinase transfers a phosphate group to glucose during the first step of glycolysis.
3. What is the product formed when glucose is phosphorylated in glycolysis?
A.
Fructose-6-phosphate
B.
Glucose-6-phosphate
C.
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
D.
Pyruvate
Correct Answer:
Glucose-6-phosphate
Explanation:
Phosphorylation adds a phosphate group to glucose and produces glucose-6-phosphate.
4. Which molecule provides the phosphate group during the phosphorylation of glucose?
A.
ATP
B.
ADP
C.
NADH
D.
Pyruvate
Correct Answer:
ATP
Explanation:
ATP donates one phosphate group to glucose during the first step of glycolysis.
5. How many ATP molecules are used when one glucose molecule is phosphorylated in the first step of glycolysis?
A.
None
B.
One
C.
Two
D.
Four
Correct Answer:
One
Explanation:
One ATP molecule is consumed to phosphorylate one glucose molecule and form glucose-6-phosphate.
6. Where does glucose phosphorylation occur during glycolysis?
A.
In the nucleus
B.
In the cytosol
C.
In the mitochondrial matrix
D.
In the chloroplast stroma
Correct Answer:
In the cytosol
Explanation:
Glucose phosphorylation is the first cytosolic step of glycolysis.
7. What is the main effect of phosphorylating glucose?
A.
It helps retain glucose inside the cell
B.
It converts glucose directly into pyruvate
C.
It releases carbon dioxide from glucose
D.
It produces NADH immediately
Correct Answer:
It helps retain glucose inside the cell
Explanation:
The phosphate group makes glucose-6-phosphate charged, helping keep it inside the cell.
8. During glucose phosphorylation, ATP is converted into which molecule?
A.
AMP
B.
ADP
C.
NAD+
D.
NADH
Correct Answer:
ADP
Explanation:
ATP donates its terminal phosphate group to glucose and is converted into ADP.
9. Which type of reaction occurs when a phosphate group is transferred from ATP to glucose?
A.
Phosphorylation
B.
Hydrolysis of glucose
C.
Decarboxylation
D.
Reduction of pyruvate
Correct Answer:
Phosphorylation
Explanation:
The addition of a phosphate group to glucose is called phosphorylation.
10. What is the charge-related consequence of forming glucose-6-phosphate?
A.
It becomes more likely to leave the cell
B.
It becomes charged and is less able to cross the cell membrane
C.
It becomes a gas
D.
It loses all its oxygen atoms
Correct Answer:
It becomes charged and is less able to cross the cell membrane
Explanation:
Phosphorylation gives glucose-6-phosphate a negative charge, helping prevent it from freely leaving the cell.
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